Class X Math all chapters Question Solved NCERT

Exercise 1.4 Math Class X

🟢 Q1. Prove that √5 is irrational.

✅ Proof (English):

Assume √5 is rational.
Then,5=ab\sqrt{5} = \frac{a}{b}5​=ba​

where a and b are coprime integers and b ≠ 0.

Squaring both sides,5=a2b2a2=5b25 = \frac{a^2}{b^2} \Rightarrow a^2 = 5b^25=b2a2​⇒a2=5b2

So, is divisible by 5 ⇒ a is divisible by 5.
Let a = 5k.

Substitute:(5k)2=5b225k2=5b2b2=5k2(5k)^2 = 5b^2 \Rightarrow 25k^2 = 5b^2 \Rightarrow b^2 = 5k^2(5k)2=5b2⇒25k2=5b2⇒b2=5k2

Thus b is also divisible by 5.
This contradicts the assumption that a and b are coprime.

👉 Therefore, √5 is irrational.


✅ প্ৰমাণ (অসমীয়া):

ধৰি লওঁ √5 এটা যৌক্তিক সংখ্যা।
তেতিয়া,5=ab\sqrt{5} = \frac{a}{b}5​=ba​

য’ত a আৰু b একে মৌলিক গুণনীয়ক নথকা পূৰ্ণসংখ্যা।

বৰ্গ কৰিলে,5=a2b2a2=5b25 = \frac{a^2}{b^2} \Rightarrow a^2 = 5b^25=b2a2​⇒a2=5b2

ইয়াৰ অৰ্থ a 5 ৰে বিভাজ্য।
ধৰি লওঁ a = 5k

স্থাপন কৰি পাই,b2=5k2b^2 = 5k^2b2=5k2

অতএব b ও 5 ৰে বিভাজ্য।
ইয়াৰ ফলত a আৰু b সহমৌলিক নহয়।

👉 ই এটা বিৰোধাভাস।
অতএব, √5 অযৌক্তিক সংখ্যা


🟢 Q2. Prove that 3 + √5 is irrational.

✅ Proof (English):

Assume 3 + √5 is rational.

Then,5=(3+5)3\sqrt{5} = (3 + \sqrt{5}) – 35​=(3+5​)−3

Difference of two rational numbers is rational.
So √5 would be rational, which is false.

👉 Therefore, 3 + √5 is irrational.


✅ অসমীয়া প্ৰমাণ:

ধৰি লওঁ 3 + √5 এটা যৌক্তিক সংখ্যা।

তেতিয়া,5=(3+5)3\sqrt{5} = (3 + \sqrt{5}) – 35​=(3+5​)−3

যৌক্তিক সংখ্যাৰ পাৰ্থক্যো যৌক্তিক।
কিন্তু √5 অযৌক্তিক।

👉 সেয়েহে 3 + √5 অযৌক্তিক


🟢 Q3. Prove that 3√5 is irrational.

✅ Proof (English):

Assume 3√5 is rational.

Then,5=353\sqrt{5} = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{3}5​=335​​

Rational ÷ non-zero rational = rational.
So √5 would be rational → contradiction.

👉 Therefore, 3√5 is irrational.


✅ অসমীয়া:

ধৰি লওঁ 3√5 যৌক্তিক।5=353\sqrt{5} = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{3}5​=335​​

ইয়াৰ ফলত √5 যৌক্তিক হয়।
কিন্তু ই ভুল।

👉 সেয়েহে 3√5 অযৌক্তিক


🟢 Q4. Prove that √7 is irrational.

✅ Proof (Short Method):

Assume √7 = a/b (a, b coprime)

Squaring:7b2=a27b^2 = a^27b2=a2

So a divisible by 7 ⇒ b also divisible by 7
Contradiction.

👉 √7 is irrational


✅ অসমীয়া:

ধৰি লওঁ √7 = a/b

বৰ্গ কৰিলে,a2=7b2a^2 = 7b^2a2=7b2

a আৰু b দুয়ো 7 ৰে বিভাজ্য → বিৰোধাভাস

👉 √7 অযৌক্তিক


🟢 Q5. Prove that 2 + √3 is irrational.

✅ Proof:

Assume 2 + √3 is rational.3=(2+3)2\sqrt{3} = (2 + \sqrt{3}) – 23​=(2+3​)−2

Contradiction since √3 is irrational.

👉 2 + √3 is irrational


✅ অসমীয়া:

যদি 2 + √3 যৌক্তিক হয়
তেতিয়া √3 যৌক্তিক হয় → অসম্ভৱ

👉 2 + √3 অযৌক্তিক


📌 HSLC Answer Writing Tips (Very Important)

✔ Always start with “Assume…”
✔ Show contradiction clearly
✔ End with “Hence proved”
✔ Write neatly – proof = sure full marks

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